Let’s get clinical

Hazardous Drug Exposure takes many forms.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines a CSTD as “a drug transfer device that mechanically prohibits the transfer of environmental contaminants into the system and the escape of hazardous drug or vapor concentrations outside the system.”
Or simply as a system that lets nothing in and nothing out.

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Independent
2015
#efficiency

Comparing The Efficiency of Closed System Transfer Devices for Compounding

Pharmacy Practice & Products
Independent
2015
#efficiency

Treatment Time, Ease of Use and Cost Associated With use of Equashield™, PhaSeal®, or no Closed System Transfer Device for Administration of Cancer Chemotherapy to a Dog Model

University of Georgia, USA